Cadmium (Cd)
| Category | Biochemistry >> Trace elements | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Test background |
Trace elements can be essential or toxic. Trace element toxicity can occur as a result of occupational exposure, environmental exposure or iatrogenic toxicity. Any organ can be affected: the central nervous system, liver, kidneys, muscles or circulatory system. All elements can be toxic in excess. Those most commonly associated with toxicity include: aluminium, lead, arsenic, cadmium, mercury, thallium, barium, germanium, tellurium, tin, antimony, osmium, uranium. |
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| Clinical Indications |
Acute exposure can result in cardiac and renal failure. Other symptoms from exposure include bone disease and possible liver disease. |
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| Reference range |
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| Sample & container required | Blood: EDTA (lavender top) or heparin (green top) Urine: universal container for random sample or 24 hour collection | ||||
| Sample volume | Blood: 0.5 mL Urine: 0.5 mL or 24 hour urine collection | ||||
| Turnaround time | 2 weeks | ||||
| Notes | There are increased levels of cadmium in smokers. |