Catecholamines
| Category | Biochemistry >> Metabolic |
|---|---|
| Test background |
Catecholamines (derived from tyrosine residues) are classed as phenethylamines; of these, adrenaline, noradrenaline and dopamine are the most abundant. They are produced mainly from the adrenal medulla in addition to the post-ganglionic fibres of the sympathetic nervous system, and function as hormones in the vascular system and neurotransmitters in the central/peripheral nervous systems. Their role is one of bringing about physiological changes preparatory to physical activity, eg. increased heart rate/blood pressure and gluconeogenesis. Elevated catecholamine turnover is observed in incidences of phaeochromocytoma and childhood neuroblastoma. |
| Clinical Indications |
Diagnosis of neuroblastoma. Note: for diagnosis of phaeochromocytoma/paraganglioma, urine catecholamines are not recommended. Urine and plasma metanephrines are the front-line tests recommended for the investigation of phaeochromocytoma/paraganglioma. |
| Reference range | Reference ranges will be given with the report |
| Sample & container required | For paediatric sample a random urine acidified to pH 2 to 4 immediately on receipt in the laboratory is required. Adults: 24 hour acidified urine collection. |
| Sample volume | Paediatrics: minimum 5 mls; Adults: 24 h urine collection |
| Turnaround time | 3 weeks |
| Notes | Not currently performed in house; this is a referred test. |