Complement, AP50 total alternative pathway & CH50/THC total classical pathway function
| Category | Immunology |
|---|---|
| Test background |
The complement cascade is activated as part of the innate immune response to pathogens. It is also involved in removing immune complexes and apoptotic debris from the circulation. These assays measure the ability of serum complement components to form the terminal membrane attack complex (MAC) via the classical and the alternative pathway. The MAC forms cytotoxic pores in the membrane of microbes leading to direct killing. These tests are used as a screening test for defects of individual components of the classical, alternative and terminal pathways and in the investigation of immune deficiency. It should not be used for monitoring complement consumption, instead request C3 and C4 levels. These tests measure formation of the C5b-9 terminal MAC by ELISA. |
| Clinical Indications |
Suspected complement deficiency |
| Reference range | AP50 – 50-125% of normal |
| Sample & container required | Serum (RST rust top) |
| Sample volume | 5-10 mL blood (1 mL serum) |
| Transport storage | For external users, separate and freeze immediately. Transport frozen. For internal users, transport to Charing Cross Hospital Immunology ASAP |
| Turnaround time | 21 days |